Diplomasi vaksin Covid-19 dan budaya anarki dalam sistem internasional = Covid-19 vaccine diplomacy and cultures of anarchy in the international system

Muhaimin, Ramdhan and Hidayat, Rizal Adhitya and Mulyani, Eldha (2021) Diplomasi vaksin Covid-19 dan budaya anarki dalam sistem internasional = Covid-19 vaccine diplomacy and cultures of anarchy in the international system. Jurnal Politica: Dinamika Masalah Politik Dalam Negeri dan Hubungan Internasional, 12 (2). pp. 143-160. ISSN 2615-076X

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Abstract

To fight the Covid-19 pandemic, several countries, through their pharmaceutical companies, conduct research and production of vaccines. Efforts to invent a vaccine are racing with the rapid mutation of Covid-19. The World Health Organization with GAVI (Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization) and CEPI (Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations) initiated a collaborative forum called Covid-19 Vaccine Global Access (COVAX). The goal there is justice and equity in the distribution of vaccines throughout the world. Although strategic efforts to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic are carried out multilaterally through COVAX, many countries have also taken bilateral steps to get their vaccine needs. On the other hand, the Covid-19 vaccine diplomacy that took place in an anarchic international system showed three different cultural patterns, namely Hobbesian (conflictual), Lockean (competitive), and Kantian (cooperative). By using a qualitative approach, this study analyzes three cultural patterns of anarchy in vaccine diplomacy. Data collection techniques in this research are based on library research. The theory used in this research is diplomacy and cultures of Anarchy in Constructivism approach. From this research, it was found that the COVAX is a representation of the cooperative pattern carried out by countries in overcoming the Covid-19 pandemic. But apart from that, there is also Hobbesian or conflictual diplomacy between the United States and China. Meanwhile, competitive diplomacy can be seen in the competition among vaccine-producing countries.

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